The soil ecosystem is a vibrant, interwoven community of bacteria, fungi, insects, roots, and minerals. These underground networks act like nature’s circulatory system—regulating water, storing carbon, and breaking down organic matter. It’s a dynamic system of give and take, where even the tiniest microbes play colossal roles in climate resilience and food security. Existing Regulations & Policy  • FAO’s Global Soil Partnership (GSP) promotes sustainable soil management globally. • European Union’s Soil Strategy for 2030 aims to restore degraded soils and ensure all EU soils are healthy by 2050. Impacts : • Raised awareness about soil as a living system. • Encouraged integration of soil health into climate and biodiversity policies. Challenges : • Fragmented legislation across countries. • Lack of binding international agreements. Required Policy Actions: • FAO’s GSP should support ecosystem valuation protocols for soil services. • Countries must adopt...